- Total Questions: 6 (3 questions of 15 marks + 3 questions of 10 marks)
- To Attempt: 2 questions of 15 marks (600 words each) + 2 questions of 10 marks (400 words each)
- Total Marks: 50
- Total Time: 90 minutes
Scoring well in the Economic & Social Issues (ESI) paper requires an in-depth understanding of economic policies, current affairs, and structured writing. Since 15-mark questions need 600 words and 10-mark questions need 400 words, candidates must focus on detailed explanations for longer questions and concise yet impactful answers for shorter ones.
This guide covers the right approach, structure, sample answers, and strategies to score high in RBI Grade B 2025 Descriptive ESI.
1. Structure of a High-Scoring Answer
A well-structured answer consists of three main parts:
A) Introduction (60-80 words for 600-word answers, 50-60 words for 400-word answers)
- Define the main concept briefly.
- Use relevant statistics, reports, or government policies.
- Mention the importance/relevance of the topic in the current scenario.
B) Main Body (450-500 words for 600-word answers, 300-320 words for 400-word answers)
- Causes & Factors – Explain why the issue exists.
- Impact & Challenges – Discuss its effects on the economy/society.
- Government Policies & RBI’s Role – Mention relevant schemes, laws, and initiatives.
- Data & Reports – Quote Economic Survey, RBI Reports, Budget, NITI Aayog, IMF, World Bank.
- Suggestions & Way Forward – Provide policy recommendations or solutions.
C) Conclusion (80-100 words for 600-word answers, 50-70 words for 400-word answers)
- Summarize the key points.
- Offer a forward-looking perspective.
- Suggest policy recommendations for improvement.
2. Example Answers Based on Exam Analysis
Example 1: “Problems Faced by Youth in Terms of Unemployment” (15 Marks, 600 Words)
Introduction (60-80 words)
“India is currently experiencing a ‘demographic dividend,’ with nearly 65% of its population below the age of 35. However, youth unemployment remains a major challenge, with the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2024 reporting a 12.4% unemployment rate among individuals aged 15-29. This issue is compounded by factors such as skill mismatch, automation, economic slowdown, and lack of job creation. Addressing this challenge is crucial for India’s long-term economic growth and social stability.”
Main Body (450-500 words)
1. Causes of Youth Unemployment in India
- Skill Mismatch: India’s education system does not align with industry demands.
- Jobless Growth: Despite economic expansion, job creation has not kept pace.
- Impact of Automation & AI: Increased mechanization reduces traditional job opportunities.
- High Informal Sector Dependency: Majority of jobs in India lack social security and stability.
- Slow Expansion of Manufacturing Sector: Unlike China, India’s focus on services over manufacturing limits job creation.
2. Impact of Youth Unemployment
- Economic Impact: Loss of productivity, lower GDP growth.
- Social Impact: Increased frustration, crime, mental health issues.
- Political Impact: Discontent leading to political instability.
3. Government Initiatives to Address Unemployment
- Skill India Mission & PMKVY – Provides vocational training.
- National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) – Encourages industry tie-ups for internships.
- Startup India & Stand-up India – Promotes entrepreneurship.
- Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme – Supports self-reliance and MSME growth.
4. Way Forward & Solutions
- Industry-Academia Collaboration: Aligning education with job market demands.
- Strengthening MSMEs: Encouraging small businesses for employment generation.
- Promoting Gig Economy & Remote Work: Creating new opportunities for youth.
Conclusion (80-100 words)
“To leverage India’s demographic dividend, targeted efforts are required in education reforms, skill development, and job creation. The government, private sector, and educational institutions must work together to ensure a future-ready workforce. With the right policies, India can transform its young population into an asset for economic growth and global competitiveness.”
Example 2: “Pros and Cons of AI in the Banking Sector” (10 Marks, 400 Words)
Introduction (50-60 words)
“Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the banking sector by enhancing efficiency, security, and customer experience. According to an RBI report (2024), AI adoption in banking could reduce operational costs by 20% by 2025. However, it also presents challenges such as cybersecurity threats, ethical concerns, and potential job losses.”
Main Body (300-320 words)
1. Pros of AI in Banking
- Enhanced Customer Experience: AI chatbots provide 24/7 banking assistance.
- Fraud Detection: AI detects suspicious transactions in real-time, reducing fraud risks.
- Operational Efficiency: Automated loan processing and document verification speed up services.
- Personalized Financial Services: AI helps in customized investment suggestions.
2. Cons of AI in Banking
- Cybersecurity Risks: AI systems are prone to hacking and data breaches.
- Job Displacement: AI automation may lead to job losses in customer service and operations.
- High Implementation Costs: Small banks struggle with AI adoption due to budget constraints.
3. Way Forward
- Ethical AI Framework: Establishing guidelines for responsible AI use.
- Workforce Reskilling: Training employees to work alongside AI.
- Stronger Cybersecurity Regulations: Implementing advanced AI-driven security measures.
Conclusion (50-70 words)
“While AI is a game-changer in banking, it must be implemented responsibly. A balance between technology, ethics, and human workforce reskilling is essential to maximize benefits while minimizing risks. The future of banking lies in AI-human collaboration, ensuring innovation without compromising job security and data protection.”
3. Key Takeaways for High Scores
✅ Follow a Structured Answer Format – Use Introduction, Body (subheadings), Conclusion.
✅ Use Data & Reports – Mention Economic Survey, RBI Reports, Budget, NITI Aayog.
✅ Write in Points & Short Paragraphs – Increases clarity and readability.
✅ Practice Typing – Since the exam is computer-based, speed matters.
✅ Be Analytical, Not Just Theoretical – Provide logical reasoning and policy recommendations.
Conclusion
Scoring high marks in RBI Grade B 2025 Descriptive ESI requires analytical thinking, structured writing, and factual accuracy. By following a strategic writing approach, using government reports, and practicing daily, candidates can excel in this section.
Action Plan for Aspirants:
✔ Write 1 descriptive answer daily (600 words for 15-mark & 400 words for 10-mark).
✔ Stay updated with economic developments via The Hindu, Business Standard, PIB, and RBI reports.
✔ Use data-driven arguments and mention government schemes in every answer.
With the right preparation and answer-writing strategy, cracking RBI Grade B 2025 Descriptive ESI is within reach!